Two people can request the same amount and receive different loan offers. Often, a lender is pricing the chance the loan will be repaid, its funding cost and the time the money will be unavailable.
A lender may consider income, existing debts, payment history, collateral and the loan term. Longer repayment gives more time for circumstances to change. An unsecured loan gives the lender less to recover if payments stop. A credit file can influence an offer, though exact factors vary by country and lender.
The central bank’s policy rate is part of the background, not the whole quote. Lenders have their own funding and operating costs, and they compete for customers. That is why two banks may offer different rates on the same day, and why a policy-rate change may not pass through to every borrower in the same way.
When comparing offers, check fees, total repayment, whether the rate can change and what happens if a payment is late. A lower monthly payment can come from a longer term, which may increase total interest. A loan’s price is a bundle of time, risk and terms; understanding the bundle makes offers easier to compare.